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--- en:bpi-r2:ubuntu [2018/06/18 17:28] – [create the image] frank
+++ en:bpi-r2:ubuntu [2023/02/15 19:09] – [create the image] frank
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+====== Ubuntu ======
+===== debootstrap =====
+Steps to get ubuntu-system (use armhf as arch): https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/installation-guide/armhf/apds04.html
+<code bash>
+sudo apt-get install qemu-user-static debootstrap binfmt-support
+distro=bionic
+#distro=focal
+arch=armhf
+#for bpi-r64 use arch=arm64
+targetdir=$(pwd)/debootstrap_ubuntu_${distro}_${arch}
+sudo debootstrap --arch=$arch --foreign $distro $targetdir
+#if you got this error: E: Cannot install into target '...' mounted with noexec or nodev
+sudo mount -i -o remount,exec,dev /mounted_dir
+sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static $targetdir/usr/bin/
+sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf $targetdir/etc
+sudo distro=$distro chroot $targetdir
+export LANG=C
+/debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage
+#echo "deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $distro main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+#echo "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $distro-security main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+#echo "deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu $distro-security main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+echo "deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ $distro main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+echo "deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ $distro main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+echo "deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ $distro-updates main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+echo "deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ $distro-updates main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+echo "deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ $distro-security main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+echo "deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ $distro-security main">>/etc/apt/sources.list
+echo "bpi-r2-ubuntu" >/etc/hostname
+#set root-password! else you will not be able to login
+passwd
+</code>
+configure fstab/... like it's done for [[debian]]
+:!: ubuntu 18.4 uses netplan as default network-framework [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/BionicBeaver/ReleaseNotes#Network_configuration|bionic releasenotes]]
+<code bash>
+#exit chroot
+exit
+</code>
+pack:
+<code bash>
+cd $targetdir
+sudo tar cvpzf ../debootstrap_${distro}_${arch}.tar.gz .
+</code>
+===== install System to SD-Card =====
+[[storage#manual_copy_of_os|prepare SD-Card]]
+<code bash>
+#unpacking in root-partiton with
+sudo tar -xpzf /path/to/debootstrap_$distro.tar.gz
+sudo mkdir lib/modules/
+cd lib/modules/
+#unpack kernel-modules here
+</code>
+temporary configure network:
+<code>
+ip a
+ip link set eth0 up
+ip addr add 192.168.0.11/24 dev lan0 #ip/prefix in your lan-segment not used
+ip link set lan0 up
+ip route add default via 192.168.0.10 #ip from your router
+echo "nameserver 192.168.0.10" >>/etc/resolv.conf #ip from your router for dns resolution
+</code>
+install “ifupdown” and add “netcfg/do_not_use_netplan=true” to bootopts in /boot/bananapi/bpi-r2/linux/uEnv.txt
+after reboot the "old" system with /etc/network/interfaces is used. currently /etc/resolv.conf is resetted every reboot
+<code>
+root@bpi-r2-ubuntu:~# ls -l /etc/resolv.conf
+lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 39 Jun 13 10:27 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf
+#delete symlink and replace it by a static file with your settings
+rm /etc/resolv.conf
+echo "nameserver 192.168.0.10" >>/etc/resolv.conf
+</code>
+in ubuntu 18.4 there is a own dns-service running, which have to be disabled (followed by a reboot or stop), in order to get e.g. DNSMasq running (like in my wifi.sh-script)
+  systemctl disable systemd-resolved
+  systemctl stop systemd-resolved
+===== create the image =====
+<code bash>
+imgfile=/path/to/ubuntu-18.04-bpi-r2-preview.img
+#create img file from sdcard (optional if no img file available)
+sudo dd if=/dev/sdx of=$imgfile
+#watch state of dd from another terminal with "sudo kill -SIGUSR1 $(pidof dd)"
+#truncate image to last partitions end (mbr only,do not use for gpt)...make sure your path does not contain spaces!
+IFS=$'\t' #just for security reasons (ignore spaces in path)
+ENDOFDATA=$(fdisk -l "$imgfile" |tail -1|awk '{print $3}')
+echo $ENDOFDATA
+truncate --size=$[($ENDOFDATA+1)*512] $imgfile
+#check size
+ls -lh "$imgfile"
+#maybe do some stuff with the img
+loopdev=$(losetup -f)
+sudo losetup $loopdev $imgfile
+sudo partprobe $loopdev
+sudo mount ${loopdev}p2 /mnt
+ls /mnt
+#overwrite free space with zeros for better packing and not leaving possible sensitive data
+sudo sh -c 'cat /dev/zero >/mnt/null.dat'
+sudo rm /mnt/null.dat
+sudo umount /mnt
+#pack image
+gzip $imgfile
+md5sum $imgfile.gz > $imgfile.gz.md5
+</code>
+i have uploaded my image to [[https://drive.google.com/open?id=1oP7jy1KrrIOifvImo2nQ59wx3_9hHkgk|my gdrive]] for testing (ubuntu-18.04-bpi-r2-preview.img.gz)
+Lan0-IPv4 is 192.168.0.11 (second port,next to wan) you can change it in /etc/network/interfaces. More on [[.:network:]]
+===== installation =====
+Sdcard:
+  dd if=path/to/ubuntu.img of=/dev/sdx
+Emmc:
+  * dd if=path/to/ubuntu.img of=/dev/mmcblkx
+  * maybe you need reboot reading the partitiontable
+  * First follow steps [[storage#install_os_on_emmc|here]]
+  * in /boot/bananapi/bpi-r2/linux/uEnv.txt: find the line “root=...” and replace /dev/mmcblk0p2 with /dev/mmcblk1p2
+  * in /etc/fstab: replace /dev/mmcblk0p2 with /dev/mmcblk1p2
+===== SSH =====
+ssh-server is installed on my image [[https://drive.google.com/open?id=1oP7jy1KrrIOifvImo2nQ59wx3_9hHkgk|ubuntu-18.04-bpi-r2-preview.img.gz from my gdrive]], but root-login have to be enabled
+  echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
+  service sshd restart
+you should create new host-keys for ssh...
+  #first delete your old keys
+  rm /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*
+  #reconfigure sshserver-package
+  dpkg-reconfigure openssh-server